Perhaps the most frightening of all mental disorders is schizophrenia, a disease that affects about 1 percent of the US population. Schizophrenia is characterized by alterations of the senses(including auditory and visual hallucinations); the inability to sort out incoming stimuli and to make appropriate responses; an altered sense of self; and radical changes in emotions, movements, and behaviors. Victims of this disease often cannot function in society.

For decades, scientists believed that schizophrenia was an environmentally provoked form of madness. They blamed abnormal family interactions or early-childhood traumas. Since the mid-1980s, however, when magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) began to allow scientists to study brain function more closely, scientists have recognized that schizophrenia is a biological disease of the brain. It has become evident that the brain damage involved occurs very early in life, possibly as early as in the second trimester of fetal development. However, the disease most commonly has its onset in late adolescence.

Schizophrenia is treatable but not curable at present. Treatments usually include some combination of hospitalization, medication, and supportive psychotherapy. For depressed patient may use natural supplement for depression which is helpful for them..

Even though the environmental theories of schizophrenia have been discarded in favor of biological theories, a stigma remains attached to the disease. Families of schizophrenics often experience anger and guilt associated with misunderstandings about the causes of the disease. They often need help in the form of information, family counseling, and advice on how to meet the schizophrenic’s needs for shelter, medical care, vocational training, and social interaction.

Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) A type of depression that occurs in the winter months, when sunlight levels are low.

Schizophrenia A mental illness with biological origins that is characterized by irrational behavior, severe alterations of the senses(hallucinations), and, often, an inability to function in society.

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